Cut and fillPrior to the cut and fill, one would usually clear the area of vegetation and strip and stockpile the topsoil off the building pad area.
RockRock excavation is highly challenging as compared to other types. This is because it cannot be done without the use of special heavy equipment.
BasementsA basement is the part of the building below ground level. Basements can be completely below grade, or in the example of a daylight basement, it would be at ground level on one side and at surface level on one side. Excavation for basements is usually performed by a heavy equipment machine called an excavator or track loader. The excavation is larger than the final building and will have to be backfilled after the concrete walls are built.
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TrenchingThis type of excavation is where the length of the excavated area exceeds the depth. It is a narrow underground trench that is between 4 inches and several feet wide. Trench excavation is typically used to bury utility lines, including water, sewer, and gas services. It also includes trenching for power, phone, and cable.
FootingsA footing excavation prepares a sub-surface area for installation of the house footings. These are always excavated to an elevation lower than the frost line. These excavations are usually between 18 inches deep and several feet deep. This protects the home foundation from expansion and contraction due to frost. This is also done utilizing a laser and a grade checker to keep the excavation level for the footings.
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